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Email-to-fax security risks to know
Email-to-fax services let you send a fax by emailing an address and receive faxes as email attachments. It is convenient, but it routes every document through email, and that brings email's weaknesses along with it. This emailto-fax.com guide lists the main risks so you can decide what is acceptable for your documents, and explains the browser-based alternative this site recommends.
Get Started NowRisk 1: Copies multiply
Every fax sent by email leaves a copy in your sent folder. Every fax received by email lands in an inbox, then often syncs to a phone, a tablet and a laptop. Mail servers keep backups. Over time, sensitive pages end up in more places than anyone can track or delete, which complicates retention policies and breach reviews.
It also makes deletion unreliable. Removing a fax from one inbox does not remove it from the copies on other devices or in server backups.
Risk 2: Spoofing and unauthorized sending
Many email-to-fax systems decide whether to send a fax based on the sender's email address. Email sender addresses can be forged, so weak setups can let someone else send faxes from your number. Look for services that require extra verification, and be wary of any that rely only on the From address.
Some providers let you restrict sending to approved addresses or require a PIN in the subject line. These help, but they are easy to share or forget, and each staff member who sends faxes needs to follow the rule every time.
Risk 3: Account takeover
If your email password is phished or reused, the attacker gets your received faxes too, often years of them. They can also search the mailbox for words such as fax, invoice or medical records. Two-factor authentication on email helps, but many shared office mailboxes still use a single password.
Former employees are another gap. If a shared mailbox password is not changed when someone leaves, they may still be able to read incoming faxes.
Risk 4: Misdirection and weak records
Each of these can be managed with careful mail settings, but they all depend on the email system being configured and maintained correctly, by you and by the recipient.
- A typo in the address can send the fax to the wrong number with no confirmation step
- Auto-forwarding rules can quietly copy incoming faxes elsewhere
- Email logs rarely show who opened a particular attachment
- Encryption between mail servers is not always guaranteed
A safer way to send and receive
emailto-fax.com recommends FaxToFax.com, which takes a different approach. It does not offer email-to-fax or fax-to-email at all. You work in a secure browser account instead:
- Save the file you would have emailed as a PDF, PNG or JPG.
- Sign in from any browser and upload it to a new fax.
- Enter and confirm the number, then send and keep the delivery receipt.
- Passwordless sign-in with a one-time code, plus two-step verification
- Each fax number confirmed before you send
- Received faxes in a private encrypted inbox, never emailed
- Encryption in transit (TLS 1.2+) and at rest
- Append-only audit log of views, downloads and sends
- Retention controls that purge old faxes automatically
Email-to-Fax Security Risks to Know: questions
Is email-to-fax HIPAA compliant?
It can be part of a compliant setup with the right safeguards and a business associate agreement, but it keeps PHI in email systems, which adds risk. Many practices prefer a browser inbox that never emails documents.
Can someone send a fax from my number by spoofing my email?
On weakly configured email-to-fax services, possibly. Browser-based sending with one-time code sign-in avoids relying on the sender address.
Does this site offer an email-to-fax address?
No. The service it recommends works only in a browser, so there is no fax-by-email address to protect or leak.
What should I do with old faxes already in my email?
Follow your records policy. Many offices move the ones they must keep into a secure records system and delete the rest from the mailbox and its trash.
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